Coral reef illustration — Protect your skin, protect our reef
Protecting Australia's Coral Reefs

Protect your skin.
Protect our reef.

Every year, an estimated 14,000 tonnes of sunscreen wash into our oceans. Chemicals like oxybenzone and octinoxate cause coral bleaching, damage DNA, and threaten marine life across Australia's coastline.

14,000
tonnes of sunscreen enter oceans yearly
75%
of the world’s reefs are under threat
50%
of Australia’s Great Barrier Reef lost since 1995
Our mission

Independent. Science-backed. For every Australian.

Reef Safety Australia is an independent, not-for-profit awareness platform. We don't sell sunscreen. We don't take sponsorship from sunscreen brands. Our only goal is to give you the facts — so you can make informed choices that protect both your skin and our marine ecosystems.

Most Australians don't know that sunscreen chemicals like oxybenzone and octinoxate cause coral bleaching, DNA damage, and reef death — even at incredibly low concentrations. And the damage doesn't only happen at the beach. Your daily shower sends these chemicals into wastewater systems that eventually reach our rivers and coastlines.

Australia is home to the Great Barrier Reef — the largest living structure on Earth. Yet unlike Hawaii and Palau, which have banned reef-toxic sunscreen chemicals, Australia has no restrictions and no regulated definition of "reef-safe." We believe that needs to change, and it starts with awareness.

Sunscreen chemicals oxybenzone and octinoxate entering ocean water and damaging coral
Harmful chemicals
Oxybenzone • Octinoxate
The hidden pathway

How sunscreen enters our waterways

It's not just beach-goers. Anyone who wears sunscreen contributes to the problem — the chemicals don't disappear when they go down the drain.

🏖️
At the beach
When you swim, sunscreen washes directly off your skin into the ocean. Even water-resistant formulas release chemicals within 80 minutes.
🚿
In the shower
Sunscreen you apply at home washes off when you shower. These chemicals enter wastewater systems and eventually reach our waterways and oceans.
🏊
At the pool
Pool water containing sunscreen chemicals gets discharged into drainage systems, which can flow into rivers and coastal waters.
The science

Chemicals that harm marine life

Research has identified at least 10 sunscreen chemicals that damage coral reefs and marine ecosystems. Here are the ones you need to watch for on ingredient labels.

Oxybenzone
Causes coral bleaching, damages DNA, and deforms young coral. Detected in 97% of Americans tested.
Octinoxate
Disrupts coral reproduction and growth. Banned in Hawaii and Palau for reef protection.
Octocrylene
Accumulates in coral tissues and can be toxic to marine organisms at low concentrations.
Benzophenone-1 & -8
Linked to coral bleaching and endocrine disruption in marine species.
nano-Titanium dioxide
Can generate hydrogen peroxide in water, which is harmful to phytoplankton and coral.
4-Methylbenzylidene camphor
Impairs growth and photosynthesis in green algae, a foundational part of the marine food chain.

How marine life is affected

🪸
Coral
Bleaching, DNA damage, deformity, death
🐟
Fish
Decreased fertility, hormonal disruption
🐬
Dolphins
Chemical accumulation transferred to young
🦔
Sea urchins
Immune and reproductive system damage
🧪
Mussels
Birth defects in offspring
🌿
Algae
Impaired growth and photosynthesis

Sunscreen Chemicals and Marine Life

Tap the infographic to view it full size

Source: NOAA — oceanservice.noaa.gov/sunscreen

Take action

Small choices. Big impact.

You don't have to stop wearing sunscreen. You just need to choose the right one — and combine it with smarter sun protection habits.

Family at the beach making reef-safe sunscreen choices — small choices, big impact
Conventional sunscreen vs reef-safe sunscreen comparison — choose reef-safe
Choose reef-safe sunscreen
Look for mineral-based sunscreens with non-nano zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. Avoid oxybenzone, octinoxate, and octocrylene.
👕
Wear sun-protective clothing
UPF-rated shirts, hats, and rash guards reduce the amount of sunscreen you need — and nothing washes off into the water.
⛱️
Seek shade between 10am–2pm
The sun is strongest during these hours. Staying in the shade reduces UV exposure and the need for heavy sunscreen application.
🚿
Rinse before swimming
A quick freshwater rinse before entering the ocean can remove excess sunscreen that would otherwise wash off in the water.
🏷️
Read the label
"Reef-safe" isn't regulated in Australia. Always check the active ingredients — not just the marketing claims on the front.
📢
Spread the word
Share what you've learned with friends and family. Small choices across millions of Australians add up to massive reef impact.